Financial and operational sustainability of a gravity-fed rural piped water supply system in Malawi

Abstract In 2014, a gravity-fed rural piped water supply system (GFRPWSS) was constructed in the northern part of Malawi at cost $6.8 million (MK5 billion). The designed to serve 35,007 people by 2020 but time study, ability users association (WUA) operate and maintain as well financial sustainability (i.e. if scheme could run without external support) were unclear. Financial records showed that WUA collected only 26% their expected payments 2018. Over 94% members lacked necessary capacity manage contracts human resources 16% Community Water Point Committees trained relevant areas management. Several key positions had been unfilled parts for repairs unavailable. This is one few ex-post evaluations GFRPWSS highlights several issues those wishing implement similar schemes. Findings partially met requirements customers, struggled technically operationally financially unsustainable. Improved record-keeping payment collection, especially when quantities are increased, would likely improve all dimensions sustainability.